Sunny Lou Publishing, 2020. Gabriel Fauré composed many mélodies, such as the song cycles Cinq mélodies "de Venise" and La bonne chanson, which were settings of Verlaine's poems. From this period (1873–78) date most of the poems in Sagesse (“Wisdom”), which was published in October 1880 at the author’s expense (as were his previous books). Clair De Lune. Verlaine's first published collection, Poèmes saturniens (1866),[3] though adversely commented upon by Sainte-Beuve, established him as a poet of promise and originality. Legacy of Paul Verlaine. * Elisa Moncomble : cousine de Verlaine, qui ne répond pas à l’amour qu’il lui porte, se marie en 1862, meurt en accouchant en 1867, après un séjour de Verlaine chez elle en 1862. [8] Verlaine was devastated when Létinois died of typhus in 1883. Numerous artists painted Verlaine's portrait. Erected in 1911 is a bust monument to Verlaine that was sculpted by Auguste Rodo. When insurrectionists seized power and set up the Paris Commune, Verlaine served as press officer under their council. Paul Verlaine Family, Childhood, Life Achievements, Facts, Wiki and Bio of 2017. Biographie courte de Paul Verlaine - Né le 30 avril 1844 à Metz, Paul Verlaine est le seul enfant du couple formé par Nicolas-Auguste, militaire de carrière, et Élisa Verlaine. Biography. In poetry, the symbolist procedure—as typified by Verlaine—was to use subtle suggestion instead of precise statement (rhetoric was banned) and to evoke moods and feelings through the magic of words and repeated sounds and the cadence of verse (musicality) and metrical innovation. Following his release from prison, Verlaine again traveled to England, where he worked for some years as a teacher, teaching French, Latin and Greek, and drawing at a grammar school in Stickney in Lincolnshire. Paul Verlaine, (born March 30, 1844, Metz, France—died January 8, 1896, Paris), French lyric poet first associated with the Parnassians and later known as a leader of the Symbolists. His… Corrections? Literary recognition now began. In 1882 his famous “Art poétique” (probably composed in prison eight years earlier) was enthusiastically adopted by the young Symbolists. I remember his translating Paul Verlaine in a burst of enthusiasm like this -- L'Art poétique was after all an expression of his own beliefs about poetry.[17]. Verlaine frankly acknowledged the parallel nature of both his makeup and his muse. Verlaine's marriage to Mathilde Maute de Fleuville in 1870 was strained by his bohemian habits and homosexual relationship with Rimbaud. These poets would often share themes that parallel Schopenhauer's aesthetics and notions of will, fatality and unconscious forces, and used themes of sex (such as prostitutes), the city, irrational phenomena (delirium, dreams, narcotics, alcohol), and sometimes a vaguely medieval setting. Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud - detail of a painting by Henri Fantin-Latour (1872) Il faut, voyez-vous, nous pardonner les choses. J'ai condensé au maximum ce qui me semble le plus intéressant d'un film de 2h20 réalisé par Richard Dindo en 1991 sur la vie du célèbre poète. In Amour new poems still show the old magic, notably passages of his lament for Lucien Létinois, no doubt intended to emulate Tennyson’s In Memoriam, but lacking its depth. Prose works such as Les Poètes maudits, short biographical studies of six poets, among them Mallarmé and Rimbaud; Les Hommes d’aujourd’hui, brief biographies of contemporary writers, most of which appeared in 1886; Mes Hôpitaux, accounts of Verlaine’s stays in hospitals; Mes Prisons, accounts of his incarcerations, including the story of his “conversion” in 1874; and Confessions, notes autobiographiques helped attract notice to ill-recognized contemporaries as well as to himself (he was instrumental in publishing Rimbaud’s Illuminations in 1886 and making him famous). You … Biography French La Boheme Poetry. A dus o viață de boem, de „poet blestemat”, ce contrastează în planul creației cu aspirația spre puritate și candoare. Verlaine attended the Lycée Bonaparte (today Lycée Condorcet) in Paris, where his favorite subjects were French and Latin. In 1862, he received his bachelor's degree, then following the wishes of his father, an infantry captain, entered civil service. There is little of lasting value, however, in the rest of the verse and prose that Verlaine turned out in an unsuccessful effort to keep the wolf from a door shared usually with aging prostitutes such as Philomène Boudin and Eugénie Krantz, prominent among the muses of his decadence. He later disavowed the Symbolists, however, chiefly because they went further than he in abandoning traditional forms: rhyme, for example, seemed to him an unavoidable necessity in French verse. Paul Verlaine published his complete works in 1895. https://www.encyclopedia.com/.../french-literature-biographies/paul-verlaine Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Retrouvez la biographie de votre artiste Paul Verlaine. Lucien’s death in April 1883, as well as that of the poet’s mother (to whom he was tenderly attached) in January 1886, and the failure of all attempts at reconciliation with his wife broke down whatever will to “respectability” remained, and he relapsed into drink and debauchery. Verlaine's Complete Works are available in critical editions from the Bibliothèque de la Pléiade. Paul-Marie Verlaine was born March 30, 1844 in the town of Metz on the Eastern border of France. Paul Verlaine was born in Metz on March 30, 1844. In 1880 Verlaine made an unsuccessful essay at farming with his favourite pupil, Lucien Létinois, and the boy’s parents. In June 1869 Verlaine fell in love with Mathilde Mauté, aged 16, and they married in August 1870. Movie Review: Luc Besson’s space romp Valerian And The City Of A Thousand Planets is fun if you can stand the dumb Born in 1844, Verlaine started his career as a poet with two notable collections, Poèmes saturniens (1866) and Fêtes galantes (1869), which, although influenced by Baudelaire, exhibit an extraordinary originality and poetic inventiveness which set Verlaine apart from schools and movements. Princeton University Press, 2011. Along with Verlaine, Mallarmé, Rimbaud, Paul Valéry, Albert Samain and many others began to be referred to as "Symbolists." Après treize ans de mariage, Nicolas-Auguste Verlaine et son épouse Élisa-Stéphanie Dehée donnent naissance, le 30 mars 1844, au 2 rue de la Haute-Pierre, à Metz, à un fils qu'ils prénomment Paul-Marie en reconnaissance à la Vierge Marie pour cette naissance tardive, Élisa ayant fait auparavant trois fausses couches . Three years later the first series of Le Parnasse contemporain, a collection of pieces by contemporary poets (hence the term Parnassian), contained eight contributions by Verlaine. Anvil Press Poetry Ltd, 1979. With Stéphane Mallarmé and Charles Baudelaire he formed the so-called Decadents. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the fin de siècle in international and French poetry. Among the admirers of Verlaine's work was the, His relationship with Rimbaud was dramatised in the 1964 Australian TV play, Guitarist, singer and songwriter Tom Miller (better known as, The time Verlaine and Rimbaud spent together was the subject of the 1995 film, This page was last edited on 14 April 2021, at 21:31. His father, a French army officer, brought the family to Paris when Paul-Marie was seven years old. He died in Eugénie Krantz’s lodgings in January 1896. One of the most purely lyrical of French poets, Verlaine was an initiator of modern word-music and marks a transition between the Romantic poets and the Symbolists. Now both famous and notorious, he was still writing in an attempt to earn a living but seldom with the old inspiration. Mathilde became Verlaine's wife in 1870. In a similar vein, Verlaine used the expression poète maudit ("cursed poet") in 1884 to refer to a number of poets like Stéphane Mallarmé, Arthur Rimbaud, Aloysius Bertrand, Comte de Lautréamont, Tristan Corbière or Alice de Chambrier, who had fought against poetic conventions and suffered social rebuke or were ignored by the critics. Biography Paul-Marie Verlaine (30 March 1844 – 8 January 1896) was a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement. [10] Reynaldo Hahn set several of Verlaine's poems as did the Belgian-British composer Poldowski (daughter of Henryk Wieniawski). Translated by Donald Revell. Verlaine's major book of poetry, "Romances Sans Paroles" in 1874 contains some of his most haunting verses. Because he was also addicted to alcohol, particularly absinthe, that may have been a contributing factor. They include outstanding poetical expressions of simple Catholic Christianity as well as of his emotional odyssey. Translated by Alistair Elliot. Il s'essaie à la poésie et publie son premier recueil, Poèmes saturniens en 1866, à 22 ans. His poems began to appear in their literary reviews; the first, “Monsieur Prudhomme,” in 1863. Verlaine's first published poem was published in 1863 in La Revue du progrès, a publication founded by poet Louis-Xavier de Ricard. In Brussels in July 1873, in a drunken, jealous rage, he fired two shots with a pistol at Rimbaud, wounding his left wrist, though not seriously injuring the poet. Sunny Lou Publishing, 2021. During frequent spells in hospitals, doctors gave him devoted care and friendship. Your soul is as a moonlit landscape fair, Peopled with maskers delicate and dim, That … Levi Asher • April 1st, 2001. His family moved to Paris in 1851, where he was enrolled in the lycée. Este privit de simboliștii francezi ca șef al curentului. Diseases that would nowadays be treated with antibiotics. Paul Verlaine, (born March 30, 1844, Metz, France—died January 8, 1896, Paris), French lyric poet first associated with the Parnassians and later known as a leader of the Symbolists. He was the son of an army captain. Born in Metz, Verlaine was educated at the Lycée Impérial Bonaparte (now the Lycée Condorcet) in Paris and then took up a post in the civil service. Paul Marie Verlaine est un poète français, né à Metz le 30 mars 1844 et mort à Paris le 8 janvier 1896.Après que le père, Nicolas-Auguste Verlaine, a démissionné de l'armée, la famille Verlaine s'installe à Paris en 1851. Jadis et naguère (“Yesteryear and Yesterday”) consists mostly of pieces like “Art poétique,” written years before but not fitting into previous carefully grouped collections. admin July 15, 2019 Biography Leave a comment. Paul Marie Verlaine (Metz, 30 de Março de 1844 – Paris, 8 de Janeiro de 1896) é considerado um dos maiores poetas do Simbolismo francês. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The collection was published in 1874 by his friend Edmond Lepelletier; the author himself was then serving a two-year sentence at Mons for wounding Rimbaud with a revolver during an emotional storm in Brussels on July 10, 1873. [3] Rimbaud and Verlaine's stormy affair took them to London in 1872. But with the publication of Jean Moréas' Symbolist Manifesto in 1886, it was the term symbolism which was most often applied to the new literary environment. Paul restera le fils unique de cette famille de petite-bourgeoisie assez aisée qui élève aussi, depuis 1836, une cousine orpheline prén… Paul Verlaine est un écrivain et poète français du XIXe siècle, né à Metz (Moselle) le 30 mars 1844 et mort à Paris le 8 janvier 1896 (à 51 ans). The French poet, Symbolist leader, and Decadent Paul-Marie Verlaine was born in Metz, Northeast France on March 30, 1844. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the fin de siècle in international and French poetry. Verlaine urged Rimbaud to come to Paris, and by 1872, he had lost interest in Mathilde, and effectively abandoned her and their son, preferring the company of his new lover. At the age of 14, he sent Victor Hugo his earliest known poem, La Mort. While in England he produced another successful collection, Sagesse. Related News. Paul Verlaine (Metz, 1844 - París, 1896) Poeta francés. surrealism symbolists Related Poets Robert Desnos Guillaume Apollinaire Gary Snyder Aimé Césaire Gerald Stern Charles Baudelaire Related Poets Robert Desnos. The poems collected in Romances sans paroles (1874) were written between 1872 and 1873, inspired by Verlaine's nostalgically colored recollections of his life with Mathilde on the one hand and impressionistic sketches of his on-again off-again year-long escapade with Rimbaud on the other. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the fin de siècle in international and French poetry. Translated by Richard Robinson. Updates? He was the only child of his parents. Life. Includes. Paul-Marie Verlaine was a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement and the Decadent movement. Verlaine abandoned his wife and infant son, Georges, in July 1872, to wander with Rimbaud in northern France and Belgium and write “impressionist” sketches for his next collection, Romances sans paroles (“Songs Without Words”). Author of. Obtaining the baccalauréat in 1862, with distinction in translation from Latin, he became a clerk in an insurance company, then in the Paris city hall. Verlaine returned to France in 1877 and, while teaching English at a school in Rethel, fell in love with one of his pupils, Lucien Létinois, who inspired Verlaine to write further poems. Paul Verlaine. It sits in the Luxembourg Gardens in Paris (aka jardin du Luxembourg). Biography of Paul Verlaine Paul Verlaine was born in Metz, France in March of 1844 into a moderately wealthy family. He spoke of veils and nuance and implored poets to "Keep away from the murderous Sharp Saying, Cruel Wit, and Impure Laugh." His personal life was unhappy and disorganized. The pair reached London in September and found, besides exiled Communard friends, plenty of interest and amusement and also inspiration: Verlaine completed the Romances, whose opening pages, especially, attain a pure musicality rarely surpassed in French literature and embody some of his most advanced prosodic experiments; the subjects are mostly landscape or regret or vituperation of his estranged wife. With Stéphane Mallarmé and Charles Baudelaire he formed the so-called Decadents. [7] Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Romances sans paroles was published while Verlaine was imprisoned. It is with these lyrical veils in mind that Verlaine concluded by suggesting that a poem should be a "happy occurrence."[12]. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Whenever [Boris Leonidovich] was provided with literal versions of things which echoed his own thoughts or feelings, it made all the difference and he worked feverishly, turning them into masterpieces. * Inspiré par Baudelaire et Hugo : envoi du poème ’La mort’ à Hugo en 1858, à 14 ans. [9] Claude Debussy set to music Clair de lune and six of the Fêtes galantes poems, forming part of the mélodie collection known as the Recueil Vasnier; he also made another setting of Clair de lune, and the poem inspired his Suite bergamasque. The French poet, Symbolist leader, and Decadent Paul-Marie Verlaine was born in Metz, Northeast France on March 30, 1844. Sa biographie. Biography. He took refuge in England and, for over a year, taught French and drawing at Stickney and Boston in Lincolnshire, then at Bournemouth, Hampshire, impressing all by his dignity and piety and gaining an appreciation of English authors as diverse as Tennyson, Swinburne, and the Anglican hymn writers. Paul Verlaine is currently considered a "single author." Paul-Marie Verlaine (/vɛərˈlɛn/;[1] French: [vɛʁlɛn(ə)]; 30 March 1844 – 8 January 1896) was a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement and the Decadent movement. At the Lycée Bonaparte (now Condorcet) in Paris, he showed both ability and indolence and at 14 sent his first extant poem (“La Mort”) to the “master” poet Victor Hugo. In the delicious poems written during their engagement (La Bonne Chanson), he fervently sees her as his long hoped-for saviour from erring ways. In 1851, he and his family shifted to Paris. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Here's a list to help track those known to exist. Translated by Richard Robinson. Sa vie est bouleversée quand il rencontre Arthur Rimbaud en septembre 1871. Verlaine's first published collection, Poèmes saturniens (1866), though adversely commented upon by Sainte-Beuve, established him as a poet of promise and originality. Les premiers poèmes de "Sagesse" datent de 1874 et ont été écrits à la prison de Mons où Verlaine se trouvait enfermé. He lived in slums and public hospitals, and spent his days drinking absinthe in Paris cafés. His family moved to Paris in 1851, where he was enrolled in the lycée. [citation needed], Verlaine returned to Paris in August 1871, and, in September, received the first letter from Arthur Rimbaud, who admired his poetry. He was undoubtedly spoiled by his mother. However, the people's love for his art was able to resurrect support and bring in an income for Verlaine: his early poetry was rediscovered, his lifestyle and strange behaviour in front of crowds attracted admiration, and in 1894 he was elected France's "Prince of Poets" by his peers. Omnidawn, 2013. He was feted in London, Oxford, and Manchester by young sympathizers, among them the critic Arthur Symons, who arranged a lecture tour in England in November 1893. Leaving prison in January 1875, he tried a Trappist retreat, then hurried to Stuttgart to meet Rimbaud, who apparently repulsed him with violence. Frank Harris and Cranmer Byng published articles and poems by Verlaine in The Fortnightly Review and The Senate. Paul Verlaine; Paul Verlaine (primary author only) Author division. Professor of French, University College, University of London. Biography Paul Verlaine (March 30, 1844-January 8, 1896) is one of the greatest and most popular of French poets. Paul Verlaine is composed of 16 names. Biographie : Paul Verlaine par Alphonse Séché et Jules Bertaud (1909) A PROPOS DE L’ÉDITEUR: Les éditions Arvensa sont les leaders de la littérature classique numérique. Ele inicia na poesia publicando sua primeira coleção, Poèmes saturniens em 1866, aos 22 anos. Catholiques, ils le font baptiser en l'église Notre-Dame de Metz. His fear of resultant reprisals from the Third Republic was one factor in his later bohemianism. Paul Verlaine, Soundtrack: French Kiss. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. If all “art,” as Walter Pater wrote, “constantly aspired towards the health of music,” Verlaine, impatiently rejecting the thought of a circuitous way to perfection, wanted his poetry to become music. The same year, his first volume of poetry appeared. Similarly, Parallèlement comprises bohemian and erotic pieces often contemporary with, and technically equal to, his “respectable” ones. School/Movements. All the while he was writing verse and frequenting literary cafés and drawing rooms, where he met the leading poets of the Parnassian group and other talented contemporaries, among them Mallarmé, Villiers de L’Isle-Adam, and Anatole France. Paul Verlaine died in Paris at the age of 51 on 8 January 1896; he was buried in the Cimetière des Batignolles (he was first buried in the 20th division, but his grave was moved to the 11th division—on the roundabout, a much better location—when the Boulevard Périphérique was built).[11]. Born in Metz, he was educated at a lycee in … Biography Paul Marie Verlaine was born in Metz, France, on March 30, 1844, the only child of Captain Nicolas-Auguste Verlaine and Elisa Dehée Verlaine. Relief pensions from admirers (1894) and the state (1895) were also recognition, however tardy or insufficient, of the esteem he attracted as a poet and a friend. In Fêtes galantes personal sentiment is masked by delicately clever evocations of scenes and characters from the Italian commedia dell’arte and from the sophisticated pastorals of 18th-century painters, such as Watteau and Nicolas Lancret, and perhaps also from the contemporary mood-evoking paintings of Adolphe Monticelli. 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