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A Way of Living: The Art of Willem de Kooning. Born in Rotterdam, he moved to New York when twenty-two years … De Kooning's black paintings are important to the history of abstract expressionism owing to their densely impacted forms, their mixed media, and their technique.[12]:25. [11] While separated, Elaine remained in New York, struggling with poverty, and Willem moved to Long Island and dealt with depression. Willem De Kooning’s most popular book is Willem de Kooning 1904-1997: Content as a Glimpse. Spotlight Essay: Willem de Kooning, Saturday Night, 1956 April 2008; updated 2016. During the previous two years, he was consumed with the creation of a large painting of a woman, Woman I (1950–52). He stayed at the Dutch Seamen's Home in Hoboken, New Jersey, and found work as a house painter. If you would like to reproduce an image of a work of art in MoMA’s collection, or an image of a MoMA publication or archival material (including installation views, checklists, and press releases), please contact Art Resource (publication in North America) or Scala Archives (publication in all other geographic locations). Although away from his New York City studio, he was likely still grappling with … “I didn’t work on it with the idea of perfection, but to see how far one could go…”1 The female figure was an especially fertile subject for the artist. Their emotive gestures and abstract pieces were a result of their attempt to abandon the other movements. Among them were the American Stuart Davis, the Armenian Arshile Gorky and the Russian John Graham, whom de Kooning collectively called the "Three Musketeers". Willem de Kooning's Place at UAMA. Willem de Kooning was a Dutch-born American painter who was one of the leading proponents of abstract expressionism. His style strongly influenced art after World War II. He left school in 1916 and became an apprentice in a firm of commercial artists. Some notable sculptures are Clamdigger (1972/1976) and Seated Woman on a Bench (1972/1976). [16] In September 2015, Geffen sold de Kooning's oil painting Interchange to hedge fund billionaire Ken Griffin for ca. Information from Wikipedia, made available under the. “The Heist,” the true story of the theft of Willem de Kooning’s iconic “Woman-Ochre” from an Arizona art museum, is in the works from “The Love … Estimate: $20,000,000-30,000,000. They were married on December 9, 1943. He supported himself with jobs in carpentry, house painting and commercial art. John A. Garraty, ed., encyclopedia of American biography 1974 pp 269-270. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. In 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried. Willem De Kooning has 31 books on Goodreads with 322 ratings. Additionally, the medium (oil, enamel, and charcoal on canvas) of this painting makes it different from others of de Kooning's time. Over the course of a career lasting nearly seven decades, he would work through a wide array of styles, eventually cementing himself as a crucial link from New York School painting to European modernism. De Kooning was born in the Netherlands, but active primarily in the United States. "[11] He even destroyed many of her drawings, but this "impelled Elaine to strive for both precision and grace in her work". [18] In November 2016, Untitled XXV sold for $66.3 million at Christie's in New York. Get the best deals on Willem de Kooning Art Prints when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. He was born in Rotterdam and moved to the United States in 1926, becoming an American citizen in 1962. In 1927 he moved to Manhattan, where he had a studio on West Forty-fourth Street. All requests to license audio or video footage produced by MoMA should be addressed to Scala Archives at [email protected]. Before the 1940s the major advances in modern painting were forged on English and European soil. Willem de Kooning was a renowned American-Dutch painter that helped form the Abstract Expressionist movement. Motion picture film stills or motion picture footage from films in MoMA’s Film Collection cannot be licensed by MoMA/Scala. For licensing motion picture film footage it is advised to apply directly to the copyright holders. He moved to the United States in 1926 and worked as a house painter. His parents, Leendert de Kooning and Cornelia Nobel, were divorced in 1907, and de Kooning lived first with his father and then with his mother. For access to motion picture film stills please contact the Film Study Center. Other painters in this group included Jackson Pollock, Elaine de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Franz Kline, Arshile Gorky, Mark Rothko, Hans Hofmann, Nell Blaine, Adolph Gottlieb, Anne Ryan, Robert Motherwell, Philip Guston, Clyfford Still, and Richard Pousette-Dart. He was born in Rotterdam, where he grew up in an impoverished household and attended the Rotterdam Academy, training in fine and commercial arts. Executed in 1956, Willem de Kooning’s Saturday Night is a canvas full of frenetic painterly activity. [19], The artist was featured in a number of solo exhibitions from 1948 to 1966, many in New York but also nationally and internationally. John J. Curley Associate professor of modern and contemporary art history at Wake Forest University, North Carolina Visiting assistant professor of art history, Washington University in St. Louis, 2007 . [3], In 1926 de Kooning travelled to the United States as a stowaway on the Shelley, a British freighter bound for Argentina, and on August 15 landed at Newport News, Virginia. Willem de Kooning (; Dutch: [ˈʋɪləm də ˈkoːnɪŋ]; April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American abstract expressionist artist.He was born in Rotterdam and moved to the United States in 1926, becoming an American citizen in 1962. He also began to meet some of the modernist artists active in Manhattan. Driven by an acutely perceptive mind, a strong work ethic, and persistent self doubt – coupled with the determination to achieve – the charismatic de Kooning became one of America’s and the twentieth century’s most influential artists. This changed only when de Kooning met the younger painter Franz Kline, who was also working with the figurative style of American realism and had been drawn to monochrome. De Kooning attended the Rotterdam Academy of Fine Arts and Techniques and was drawn to Cubism. Willem de Kooning was a leading exponent of Abstract Expressionism. They painted in Willem's loft at 143 West 21st Street, and he was known for his harsh criticism of her work, "sternly requiring that she draw and redraw a figure or still life and insisting on fine, accurate, clear linear definition supported by precisely modulated shading. Artist, Lithographer, Painter, Owner, Sculptor, Willem De Kooning, Willem de Kooning, Willem Dekooning, Willem DeKooning, willem de kooning, Information from Getty’s Union List of Artist Names ® (ULAN), made available under the, Pierre Alechinsky, Fred Becker, Letterio Calapai, Willem de Kooning, Peter Grippe, Salvatore Grippi, Stanley William Hayter, Franz Kline, Jacques Lipchitz, Ezio Martinelli, Ben Nicholson, Irene Rice Pereira, Helen Phillips, André Racz, Kurt Roesch, Attilio Salemme, Louis Schanker, Karl Schrag, Esteban Vicente, Adja Yunkers, Various Artists, Various Artists, Nell Blaine, Norman Bluhm, Joe Brainard, John Button, Giorgio Cavallon, Allan D'Arcangelo, Helen Frankenthaler, Jane Freilicher, Michael Goldberg, Philip Guston, Grace Hartigan, Al Held, Jasper Johns, Matsumi Kanemitsu, Alex Katz, Elaine de Kooning, Willem de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Alfred Leslie, Roy Lichtenstein, Marisol (Marisol Escobar), Joan Mitchell, Robert Motherwell, Reuben Nakian, Barnett Newman, Claes Oldenburg, Robert Rauschenberg, Larry Rivers, Niki de Saint Phalle, Jane Wilson, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [11], Elaine and Willem de Kooning had what was later called an open marriage; they both were casual about sex and about each other's affairs. Some of de Kooning's paintings have been sold in the 21st century for record prices. A stolen Willem de Kooning painting with an estimated worth of $160 million was discovered among a deceased couple's possessions. The three-decade-long absence of "Woman-Ochre" represented both a symbolic and physical hole in UAMA's collection. De Kooning's retrospective held at MoMA in 2011–2012 made him one of the best-known artists of the 20th century. [8], Succumbing to the progression of his disease, de Kooning painted his final works in 1991. By the 1940s, de Kooning had gained prominence as an artist. Large brushes and fluid paints were the tools of this trade, ones that he would continue to utilize throughout his artistic career. Who Was Willem de Kooning? [citation needed] He became a US citizen on 13 March 1962, and in the following year moved from Broadway to a small house in East Hampton, a house which Elaine's brother Peter Fried had sold to him two years before. It had disappeared from the University of … John Elderfield, de Kooning: a Retrospective, (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2011), 18. Find an in-depth biography, exhibitions, original artworks for sale, the latest news, and sold auction prices. De Kooning worked on his first series of portrait paintings: standing or sedentary men like Two Men Standing, Man, and Seated Figure (Classic Male), even combining with self-portraits as with Portrait with Imaginary Brother (1938–39). He died in 1997 at the age of 92[9] and was cremated. As he stated: “I’m not interested in ‘abstracting’ or taking things out or reducing painting to design, form, line, and color. Willem de Kooning was born on April 24, 1904 in Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands. [3] In 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried. [5]:100 Balcomb Greene said that "de Kooning virtually worshipped Gorky"; according to Aristodimos Kaldis, "Gorky was de Kooning's master". See available prints and multiples, paintings, and works on paper for sale and learn about the artist. Thus was to begin a lifelong partnership affected by alcoholism, lack of money, love affairs, quarrels and separations. Starting in 1937, when De Kooning had to leave the Federal Art Project because he did not have American citizenship, he began to work full-time as an artist, earning income from commissions and by giving lessons. Willem de Kooning was born on April 24, 1904, into a working class family in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. [1][3], By 1946, de Kooning had begun a series of black and white paintings, which he would continue into 1949. [3], De Kooning began painting in his free time, and in 1928 he joined the art colony at Woodstock, New York. At this time, de Kooning's work borrowed strongly from Gorky's surrealist imagery and was influenced by Picasso. By visiting our website or transacting with us, you agree to this. Willem de Kooning (/də ˈkuːnɪŋ/;[2] Dutch: [ˈʋɪləm də ˈkoːnɪŋ]; April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American abstract expressionist artist. In the years after World War II, de Kooning painted in a style that came to be referred to as abstract expressionism or "action painting", and was part of a group of artists that came to be known as the New York School. 1904–1997. “I never was interested in how to make a good painting…,” he once said. More information is also available about the film collection and the Circulating Film and Video Library. De Kooning led the 1950s art world into a new movement known as American abstract expressionism. Introduction by Karen Kedmey, independent art historian and writer, 2017. Willem de Kooning is widely known for his masterful yet highly idiosyncratic working methods. He died on March 19, 1997 in Long Island, New York, USA. 5, 1948. [10], Elaine had admired Willem's artwork before meeting him; in 1938 her teacher introduced her to de Kooning at a Manhattan cafeteria when she was 20 and he 34. 91, 99, 104, 253, 261, fig. In 1926, the adventurous young artist stowed away on a ship bound for Argentina. New York also brought him into contact with the work of Henri Matisse and with contemporaries including John Graham and Arshile Gorky, with whom he developed a particularly close and inspiring friendship. In New Jersey, de Kooning found work as a house painter. See all 9 artworks Related Content. If Jackson Pollock was the public face of the New York avant-garde, Willem de Kooning could be described as an artist’s artist, who was perceived by many of his peers as its leader. During this period he had his first one-man show at the Charles Egan Gallery in 1948 consisting largely of black and white works, although a few pieces have passages of bright color. Willem had a daughter, Lisa de Kooning, in 1956, as a result of his affair with Joan Ward. Willem de Kooning (American, born the Netherlands. 109 (color), claims that this painting reflects the artist's attempts to combine multiple figures in a charged space; quotes Elaine de Kooning, the artist's wife, as recalling her husband naming this painting "because you put everything in it". Willem de Kooning, (born April 24, 1904, Rotterdam, Netherlands—died March 19, 1997, East Hampton, New York, U.S.), Dutch-born American painter who was one of the leading exponents of Abstract Expressionism, particularly the form known as Action painting. De Kooning met his wife, Elaine Fried, at the American Artists School in New York. Specifically, he had fourteen separate exhibitions and even had two exhibitions per annum in the years 1953, 1964, and 1965. While the ship was docked in Virginia, de Kooning slipped off, skirted immigration, and made his way to New Jersey—and so began the rest of his life. They show the influence of his friends Davis, Gorky and Graham, but also of Arp, Joan Miró, Mondrian and Pablo Picasso. The painter is noted for his paintings: Woman III (1953), Woman VI (1953), Interchange (1955), and Police Gazette (1955). Get the best deals on Lithograph Willem de Kooning Art Prints when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. Most of the paintings in the exhibition resembled Untitled - compositions painted in black and white, with vaguely recognizable shapes and complex plays of figure and ground. Despite bouts with alcoholism, they both continued painting. He became close friends with Arshile Gorky, whose death in 1948 deeply affected him. He was married to Elaine de Kooning. [4], Willem de Kooning was born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on April 24, 1904. Kline's influence is evident in de Kooning's calligraphic black images of this period. De Kooning’s next stop was New York, where he forged his artistic career. [3][7], It was revealed that, toward the end of his life, de Kooning had begun to lose his memory in the late 1980s and had been suffering from Alzheimer's disease for some time. [13]:17 Born in Rotterdam and arriving illegally in the US in 1926, de Kooning was a caustic, gritty, dirty-minded New York painter. [5]:184 De Kooning's drawing Self-portrait with Imaginary Brother, from about 1938, may show him with Gorky; the pose of the figures is that of a photograph of Gorky with Peter Busa in about 1936.[5]:184. In 1952, de Kooning created the Women series, paintings of the female body in abstract and loosely rendered form. Willem de Kooning; Study for Woman VI, 1952 Willem de Kooning; Figure, c. 1980 Willem de Kooning; Page secondary navigation. His gestural works—which were loosely based on figures, landscapes, and still lifes—helped establish a distinctly American style of painting. Offered in 20th Century Evening Sale on 6 October at Christie’s in New York If you would like to publish text from MoMA’s archival materials, please fill out this permission form and send to [email protected]. London, 2014, pp. A first-generation Abstract Expressionist, Willem de Kooning is one of the most important artists of the 20th century. "Willem de Kooning Biography, Art, and Analysis of Works", Popularizing Dementia: Public Expressions and Representations of Forgetfulness, Works by Johns and de Kooning Sell for $143.5 Million, "Leonardo da Vinci Painting 'Salvator Mundi' Sells for $450.3 Million", "De Kooning painting sells for record $66m at Christie's New York", "April 19 - June 15, 2019 - Five Decades - De Kooning - Exhibitions - Mnuchin Gallery", de Kooning's work in the Guggenheim Collection, Willem de Kooning in the National Gallery of Australia's Kenneth Tyler collection, "Willem de Kooning Lecture", The Baltimore Museum of Art: Baltimore, Maryland, 1964. This was a record price for a De Kooning piece sold at public auction. Willem de Kooning >The Dutch-born American painter Willem de Kooning (1904-1997) was a leader >of the abstract expressionist movement of the 1940s and 1950s. Willem de Kooning (; Dutch: [ˈʋɪləm də ˈkoːnɪŋ]; April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American abstract expressionist artist. He was featured at the Egan Gallery, the Sidney Janis Gallery, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Arts Club of Chicago, the Martha Jackson Gallery, the Workshop Center, the Paul Kantor Gallery, the Hames Goodman Gallery, the Allan Stone Gallery, and the Smith College Museum of Art. If you have additional information or spotted an error, please send feedback to [email protected]. De Kooning was already forty-four years old when he had his first solo exhibition at the Charlie Egan Gallery in the spring of 1948. 29, "Billionaire drops $500M for 2 masterpieces," Feb. 19, 2016, Bloomberg News, as republished by Fox News, at. [12]:126 Most recent exhibition, De Kooning: Five Decades, took place in Mnuchin Gallery, New York City from 19 April till 15 June 2019. He was born in Rotterdam and moved to the United States in 1926, becoming an American citizen in 1962. Willem de Kooning (1904-1997), Woman (Green), 1953-55.Oil and charcoal on canvas. Please, American, born the Netherlands. Though his studies for the murals were never realized, they were among his first abstractions, and the experience of working on this project spurred him to pursue art making full-time. The Woman painting is considered as a significant work of art for the museum through its historical context about the post-World War II history and American feminist movement. Willem de Kooning, Self: De kooning on de kooning. In the form of stories culled from conversations the author had with Willem and Elaine de Kooning, the book emerges as a de Kooning autobiography and a compelling synthesis of one of the great periods in twentieth-century American art. [17] It held the record until November 15, 2017, when the da Vinci Salvator Mundi sold for $450 million at Christie's in New York. Although separated for nearly twenty years, they never divorced, and ultimately reunited in 1976. In the years after World War II, de Kooning painted in a style that came to be referred to as abstract expressionism or "action painting", and was part of a group of artists that came to be known as the New York School. None of them were executed,[1] but a sketch for one was included in New Horizons in American Art at the Museum of Modern Art, his first group show. Physical labor and countless revisions were constants in his work, which ranged from abstraction to figuration, often merging the two. One of the most prominent and celebrated of the Abstract Expressionist painters, Willem de Kooning's pictures typify the vigorous, gestural style of the movement. 30¼ x 23¼ in (76.8 x 59.1 cm). If Jackson Pollock was the public face of the New York avant-garde, Willem de Kooning could be described as an artist’s artist, who was perceived by many of his peers as its leader. De Kooning's impressive artistic output is matched only by other prolific painters like Picasso—who greatly influenced his early work. He was a leading figure of Abstract Expressionism. Less recognized is the extent to which he employed unconventional as well as traditional materials in his paintings to achieve specific visual effects. [11], Elaine and Willem both struggled with alcoholism, which eventually led to their separation in 1957. Art News 52 (March 1953), p. 66, ill. p. 31. He was influenced by many avant-garde artists at this time and began to experiment with different painting techniques and processes. The Willem de Kooning Academy (Dutch: Willem de Kooning Academie) is a Dutch academy of media, art, design, leisure and education based in Rotterdam. [11] When they married in 1943, she moved into his loft and they continued sharing studio spaces. As part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Works Progress Administration (WPA) program, in the 1930s de Kooning was commissioned to design public murals; he worked under Fernand Léger, who proved to be an important influence. In 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried. "From 1940 to the present, Woman has manifested herself in de Kooning's paintings and drawings as at once the focus of desire, frustration, inner conflict, pleasure, … and as posing problems of conception and handling as demanding as those of an engineer. Willem de Kooning (1904–1997) was one of America’s most influential artists. Kline, who died young, was one of de Kooning's closest artist friends. Picasso's late works show signs that he, in turn, saw images of works by Pollock and de Kooning. "De Kooning Paints a Picture." [11], De Kooning's paintings of the 1930s and early 1940s are abstract still-lifes characterised by geometric or biomorphic shapes and strong colours. This record is a work in progress. This movement was later called ‘Abstract Expressionism’ sometimes known as ‘Action Painting’ and the ‘New York School’.[6]. During the late forties and early fifties, de Kooning joined other fellow contempory artists including Jackson Pollock and Franz Kline, in their struggle to break free from common artistic movements of the era including Cubism, Surrealism and Regionalism. He turned to dark and violent paintings, which evolved into an obsession with the human figure. We use our own and third-party cookies to personalize your experience and the promotions you see. Photographer and filmmaker Rudolph Burckhardt, de Kooning’s friend, wrote in … His dual foundations in drawing and craftsmanship underlay all of his work, even his most abstract paintings. Our site uses technology that is not supported by your browser, so it may not work correctly. The artist, de Kooning, was one of the pioneers and leaders of abstract expressionism, a movement that began in … American, born the Netherlands. Text by Harold Rosenberg. Other painters in this group included Jackson Pollock, Elaine de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Franz Kline, Arshile Gorky, Mark Rothko, Hans Hofmann, Nell Blaine, Adolph Gottlieb, Anne Ryan, Robert Motherwell, Philip Guston, Clyfford Still, and Richard Pousette-Dart. 1904–1997. De Kooning joined the Artists Union in 1934, and in 1935 was employed in the Federal Art Project of the Works Progress Administration, for which he designed a number of murals including some for the Williamsburg Federal Housing Project in Brooklyn. Willem de Kooning established his reputation as a key figure in the Abstract Expressionist movement with a series of black-and-white paintings that he created in the late 1940s using household enamels and paper. De Kooning's retrospective held at MoMA in 2011–2012 made him one of the best-known artists of the 20th century. It was named after one of its most famous alumni, Dutch fine artist Willem de Kooning Overview. Willem de Kooning was a renowned American-Dutch painter that helped form the Abstract Expressionist movement. Most of the exhibitions lasted for 3 weeks to one month. [21], Willem de Kooning. [3] That year de Kooning was assigned to a portion of the mural Medicine for the Hall of Pharmacy at the 1939 World's Fair in New York, which drew the attention of critics, the images themselves so completely new and distinct from the era of American realism. She was 14 years his junior. In the late 1950s, de Kooning's work shifted away from the figurative work of the women (though he would return to that subject matter on occasion) and began to display an interest in more abstract, less representational imagery. "[14] The female figure is an important symbol for de Kooning's art career and his own life. His paintings of women were among his most controversial works during his lifetime and continue to be debated today. In November 2006, the American business magnate David Geffen sold his oil painting Woman III to hedge fund manager Steven A. Cohen for $137.5 million, just below the record at the time of $140 million, which involved the same people in the same month for Jackson Pollock's No. Oil and metallic paint on canvas, 6' 3 7/8" x 58" (192.7 x 147.3 cm) De Kooning's well-known Woman series, begun in 1950 and culminating in Woman VI, owes much to Picasso, not least in the aggressive, penetrative breaking apart of the figure, and the spaces around it. He was born in Rotterdam and moved to the United States in 1926, becoming an American citizen in 1962. 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