William IV (1765-1837), called the "Sailor King" and "Silly Billy," was king of Great Britain and Ireland from 1830 to 1837. William, the third son of George III and younger brother and successor to George IV, was the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover.. Melbourne had to appoint a new Commons leader and a new Chancellor (who by long custom, must be drawn from the Commons), but the only candidate whom Melbourne felt suitable to replace Althorp as Commons leader was Lord John Russell, whom William (and many others) found unacceptable due to his radical politics. He had Lady Amelia FitzClarence (1807-1858), who married the 10th Viscount Falkland. [19], William ceased his active service in the Royal Navy in 1790. He married Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria in 1823, but the couple had no children. With the Tories bitterly divided, Wellington was defeated in the House of Commons in November, and Lord Grey formed a government. At first, William hesitated to exercise his prerogative to dissolve Parliament because elections had just been held the year before and the country was in a state of high excitement which might boil over into violence. [110] William survived, though mortally ill, to the month after Victoria's coming of age. Some members of the Government, however, were anathema to the King, and increasingly left-wing policies concerned him. [89], William distrusted foreigners, particularly anyone French,[90] which he acknowledged as a "prejudice". [40], The couple had ten illegitimate children—five sons and five daughters—nine of whom were named after William's siblings; each was given the surname "FitzClarence". William IV. Like Charles II he did not manage to have any surviving legitimate offspring who could succeed him. The inequities in the system were great; for example, large towns such as Manchester and Birmingham elected no members (though they were part of county constituencies), while small boroughs, known as rotten or pocket boroughs—such as Old Sarum with just seven voters—elected two members of Parliament each. [95] By exercising his personal charm, William assisted in the repair of Anglo-American relations, which had been so deeply damaged during the reign of his father. [54] Although William is not the direct ancestor of the later monarchs of the United Kingdom, he has many notable descendants through his illegitimate family with Mrs. Jordan, including former British Prime Minister David Cameron,[115] TV presenter Adam Hart-Davis, and author and statesman Duff Cooper. Since Peel was then in Italy, the Duke of Wellington was provisionally appointed Prime Minister. Their attempts to forge a close relationship with the girl were frustrated by the conflict between the King and the Duchess of Kent, the Princess's widowed mother. William and Dorothea had ten illegitimate children together, five boys and five girls born between 1794 and 1807. He had travelled widely and, in his eyes, the living standard among freemen in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland was worse than that among slaves in the West Indies. [5] At the age of thirteen, he joined the Royal Navy as a midshipman,[6] and was present at the Battle of Cape St Vincent in 1780. William was born in the early hours of the morning on 21 August 1765 at Buckingham House, the third child and son of King George III and Queen Charlotte. [92] William supported Belgian independence and, after unacceptable Dutch and French candidates were put forward, favoured Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the widower of his niece, Charlotte, as a candidate for the newly created Belgian throne. He gave much of George IV's art collection to the nation, and halved the royal stud. [46] Caroline von Linsingen, whose father was a general in the Hanoverian infantry, claimed to have had a son, Heinrich, by William in around 1790 but William was not in Hanover at the time that she claims and the story is considered implausible by historians. Mrs. Jordan had no doubt as to the reason for the break-up: "Money, money, my good friend, has, I am convinced made HIM at this moment the most wretched of men," adding, "With all his excellent qualities, his domestic virtues, his love for his lovely children, what must he not at this moment suffer? William was succeeded by his niece Victoria in the United Kingdom and his brother Ernest Augustus in Hanover. The Queen does nothing but embroider flowers after dinner. [58] Both of his older brothers were unhealthy, and it was considered only a matter of time before he became king. Categories: FitzClarence family. William was married to Sabine of Württemberg, daughter of Christoph, Duke of Württemberg. William, Duke of Clarence, was now second in the line of succession, preceded only by his brother, Frederick, Duke of York. Spacious rooms. Speaking to those assembled at the banquet, who included the Duchess and Princess, William expressed his hope that he would survive until the Princess was 18 so that the Duchess would never be regent. Hopefully, H.M. will pull some William IV memorabilia down for a show in the royal library. Often, the rotten boroughs were controlled by great aristocrats, whose nominees were invariably elected by the constituents—who were, most often, their tenants—especially since the secret ballot was not yet used in Parliamentary elections. [22] He did not lose hope of being appointed to an active post. At William's instructions, the Privy Council budgeted less than £30,000 for the coronation. [81], The crisis saw a brief interlude for the celebration of the King's Coronation on 8 September 1831. [91] He also felt strongly that Britain should not interfere in the internal affairs of other nations, which brought him into conflict with the interventionist Foreign Secretary, Lord Palmerston. Although William did not engage in politics as much as his brother or his father, he was the last British monarch to appoint a prime minister contrary to the will of Parliament. Concerned by the threat of the creations, most of the bill's opponents abstained and the Reform Act 1832 was passed. William IV was the third son of George III and the brother of George IV. Between 1791 and 1811 he lived with his mistress, the actress Mrs Jordan, and the growing family of their children known as the Fitzclarences. With Lord Melbourne gone, William chose to entrust power to a Tory, Sir Robert Peel. Late in life, he married and apparently remained faithful to Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen. William's outburst undoubtedly contributed to Victoria's tempered view of him as "a good old man, though eccentric and singular". Queen Victoria (daughter of William IV’s brother, the Duke of Kent). Instead, William's brother Prince Adolphus, Viceroy of Hanover, accepted, backed fully by William. He supported the Catholic Emancipation Bill against the opposition of his younger brother, Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, describing the latter's position on the Bill as "infamous", to Cumberland's outrage. Lock in a great price for The William IV - rated 8.2 by recent guests. William IV Guest House 3.5-star 3.5 stars. His younger brother Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, was sent to Germany to scout out the available Protestant princesses; he came up with Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, but her father Frederick declined the match. Further measures to appropriate the surplus revenues of the Church of Ireland were mooted by the more radical members of the Government, including Lord John Russell. The violent tones and gestures of noble Lords ... astonished the spectators, and affected the ladies who were present with visible alarm. Rev. Serving in Gibraltar, he was once arrested for drunken brawling but released when his identity was … Mud was slung at his carriage and he was publicly hissed. A modern interpretation sees him as failing to satisfy either political extreme by trying to find compromise between two bitterly opposed factions, but in the process proving himself more capable as a constitutional monarch than many had supposed.[118][119]. Helpful staff. Take a look through our photo library, read reviews from real guests and book now with our Price Guarantee. William served in the Royal Navy in his youth, spending time in North America and the Caribbean, and was later nicknamed the "Sailor King". His reign saw several reforms: the poor law was updated, child labour restricted, slavery abolished in nearly all of the British Empire, and the British electoral system refashioned by the Reform Act 1832. There are a surprising number of Scottish connections evident in the above lists. To be sure she is absurd sometimes and has her hu… George IV's health was failing. "[105] When William's son Augustus FitzClarence enquired of his father whether the King would be entertaining during Ascot week, William gloomily replied, "I cannot give any dinners without inviting the ministers, and I would rather see the devil than any one of them in my house. At the time it was being noted that Mr. Cameron is of relatively recent royal descent. "[63] William's genuine affection for his older brother could not mask his rising anticipation that he would soon be king. The previous year Grey had already pushed through legislation reforming the Protestant Church of Ireland. Princess Charlotte, George IV’s only child, died in 1817, and then Frederick, Duke of York, died, childless, in 1827, leaving William … Doing some shopping on Amazon? Allen, pp. children: 1st Earl of Munster, 7, Amelia Cary, Amelia Cary, Viscountess Falkland, Countess of Erroll, Elizabeth Hay, Elizabeth Hay, Countess of Erroll, George FitzClarence, George FitzClarence, 1st Earl of Munster, Henry FitzClarence, Lady Augusta Gordon, Lady Mary Fox, Lord Adolphus FitzClarence, Lord Augustus FitzClarence, Lord Frederick FitzClarence, Princess Charlotte of Clarence, Princess Elizabeth of Clarence, Viscountess Falkland, William Henry Courtnay On 20th June, 1837, at King William IV’s death, the line of succession was: 1. A child of William and Adelaide would have succeeded to the throne as William’s two elder brothers, George IV and Frederick, Duke of York, had no surviving children. [4], He spent most of his early life in Richmond and at Kew Palace, where he was educated by private tutors. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. The Church collected tithes throughout Ireland, supported multiple bishoprics and was wealthy. Lady Mary FitzClarence (1798-1864), who married General Charles Fox, a son of 3rd Lord Holland. "[14] The two were great friends, and dined together almost nightly. William, the third son of George III and younger brother and successor to George IV, was the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover. The list of peerages currently held by descendants of King William IV includes: It should also be noted that the seventh and last Earl of Munster passed away as recently as 2000. At first, William wished to dispense with the coronation entirely, feeling that his wearing the crown while proroguing Parliament answered any need. Like several of his brothers, that era’s Prince William – who was made Duke of Clarence and Earl of Munster – avoided a dynastic marriage for as long as possible. [60] Holding the office permitted him to make mistakes and learn from them—a process that might have been far more costly if he had not learnt before becoming king that he should act only with the advice of his councillors. Grey's Act had reduced the number of bishoprics by half, abolished some of the sinecures and overhauled the tithe system. "[72], Upon taking the throne, William did not forget his nine surviving illegitimate children, creating his eldest son Earl of Munster and granting the other children the precedence of a daughter or a younger son of a marquess. [35] He appeared to enjoy the domesticity of his life with Mrs. Jordan, remarking to a friend: "Mrs. Jordan is a very good creature, very domestic and careful of her children. 2. Sophia Sidney, Baroness De L'Isle and Dudley, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order, Knight Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, Philip Sidney, 1st Baron De L'Isle and Dudley, Princess Elizabeth Georgiana Adelaide of Clarence, Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst, Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Ernest Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Countess Sophia Albertine of Erbach-Erbach, Cultural depictions of William IV of the United Kingdom, "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", "Cameron's royal link makes him a true blue", "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", Random Recollections of the House of Lords, Digitised private and official papers of William IV, Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, Prince Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, Alastair, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Ernest Augustus, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_IV&oldid=1017043209, Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War, Burials at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, Peers of Great Britain created by George III, Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London, Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain, Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars, Freemasons of the United Grand Lodge of England, Children of George III of the United Kingdom, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox military person with embed, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Coat of Arms from 1801 to 1830 as Duke of Clarence, Coat of arms of King William IV (in Scotland). For their first year of marriage, the couple lived in economical fashion in Germany. This man at least wishes to make everybody happy, and everything he has done has been benevolent. With mounting debts, the affair was abruptly ended by William in 1811. [98], For the remainder of his reign, William interfered actively in politics only once, in 1834, when he became the last British sovereign to choose a prime minister contrary to the will of Parliament. The King attempted to restore the Duke of Wellington to office, but Wellington had insufficient support to form a ministry and the King's popularity sank to an all-time low. Reformed since his marriage, William walked for hours, ate relatively frugally, and the only drink he imbibed in quantity was barley water flavoured with lemon. William IV died on June 20, 1837, in Windsor Castle, Berkshire, leaving behind no legitimate children. [24] In 1811, he was appointed to the honorary position of Admiral of the Fleet. Appalled at the prospect of his son making his case to the voters, George III created him Duke of Clarence and St Andrews and Earl of Munster on 16 May 1789,[17] supposedly saying: "I well know it is another vote added to the Opposition. In 1789, he was made Duke of Clarence. [48] Following the death of William's niece Princess Charlotte of Wales, then second-in-line to the British throne, in 1817, George III was left with twelve children, but no legitimate grandchildren. William writing to Palmerston, 1 June 1833, quoted in Ziegler, p. 234. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Illegitimate_children_of_William_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=994679845 ". [38] William used Bushy as his principal residence until he became king. From 1791 William lived with an Irish actress, Dorothea Bland, better known by her stage name, Mrs. Jordan, the title "Mrs." being assumed at the start of her stage career to explain an inconvenient pregnancy and "Jordan" because she had "crossed the water" from Ireland to Britain. As his two older brothers died without leaving legitimate issue, he inherited the throne when he was 64 years old. Duff Cooper, who became the first Viscount Norwich, was a prominent figure back in the era of King Edward VIII and King George VI. [108] The King and Prime Minister eventually found a modus vivendi; Melbourne applying tact and firmness when called for; while William realised that his First Minister was far less radical in his politics than the King had feared. 124, 130; Ziegler, pp. Great for families This property has good facilities for families. [82] He was persuaded otherwise by traditionalists. The main beneficiaries of his will were his eight surviving children by Mrs. [16] William attracted criticism both from reformers, who felt that reform did not go far enough, and from reactionaries, who felt that reform went too far. 189, 192. available on 22/04/2021 Price may be available on other dates. [83] When traditionalist Tories threatened to boycott what they called the "Half Crown-nation",[84] the King retorted that they should go ahead, and that he anticipated "greater convenience of room and less heat". Free buffet breakfast and free WiFi; Great for families This property has good facilities for families. The monarch's ability to influence the opinion of the electorate, and therefore national policy, had been reduced. As king his arms were those of his two kingdoms, the United Kingdom and Hanover, superimposed: Quarterly, I and IV Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or (for England); II Or a lion rampant within a tressure flory-counter-flory Gules (for Scotland); III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent (for Ireland); overall an escutcheon tierced per pale and per chevron (for Hanover), I Gules two lions passant guardant Or (for Brunswick), II Or a semy of hearts Gules a lion rampant Azure (for Lüneburg), III Gules a horse courant Argent (for Westphalia), overall an inescutcheon Gules charged with the crown of Charlemagne Or, the whole escutcheon surmounted by a crown. [26] His experience in the Caribbean, where he "quickly absorbed the plantation owners' views about slavery",[27] lent weight to his position, which was perceived as well-argued and just by some of his contemporaries. Dorothea Jordan (21 November 1761 – 5 July 1816), also known interchangeably as Mrs Jordan and previously Miss Francis or Miss Bland, was an Anglo-Irish actress, courtesan and the mistress and companion of the future King William IV of the United Kingdom for 20 years (1791–1811) while he was Duke of Clarence.Together they had ten illegitimate children, all of whom took the surname FitzClarence The duke of Kent died in 1820, leaving a single daughter, Victoria, and the duke of York, George III's second son, died without issue in 1827. He commissioned the first steam warship and advocated the construction of more. Aged 64, he was the oldest person yet to assume the British throne. In 1818, William married Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Coburg and Meinengein, the daughter of George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen. In 1827 he was given the resurrected dignity of lord high admiral, intended … I am fully persuaded, that it is unnecessary to caution you against offering insult or indignity to the persons of the Prince or Admiral..."[10] The plot did not come to fruition; the British heard of it and assigned guards to William, who had until then walked around New York unescorted. William hastily put on the crown, entered the Chamber, and dissolved Parliament. [73] The relationship between William and his sons "was punctuated by a series of savage and, for the King at least, painful quarrels" over money and honours. That initial item renewed my interest in “the Sailor King” who immediately preceded Queen Victoria. of Huntly. Grey pledged to reform the electoral system, which had seen few changes since the fifteenth century. 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